詞彙 Glossary

擬態 Mimicry

擬態指在一個物種的演化過程中,獲得與其他物種相似的特徵,以混淆另一方的認知。擬態主要有三種貝氏擬態(物種模仿另一個有毒或者是無食用價值的物種,從而避開捕食者),穆氏擬態(一種具有毒性的物種具有另一種物種相似的警戒特性,捕食者便會避免捕食這群具有相似警戒色的生物)及進攻性擬態(物種擬態成為無害的物種去吸引獵物)。

Mimicry occurs under evolution, when a group of organisms, the mimics, evolve to share common perceived characteristics with another group, the models. This can confuse and escape from other organisms ( such as predator). There are three major types of mimicry: 1. Batesian mimicry (a harmless species has evolved to imitate a harmful species which are toxic or unpalatable in order to gain the advantage of predators' avoidance) 2. Müllerian mimicry( two or more poisonous species, that may or may not be closely related and share one or more common predators, have come to mimic each other's warning signals) 3. Aggressive mimicry (species mimic another harmless species to attract prey).